> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://docs.mindnetwork.xyz/minddocs/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://docs.mindnetwork.xyz/minddocs/research/fhe-research/fhe-transaction.md).

# FHE Transaction

## Mind Network's Research Results:

* Peer-reviewed publication: [HE-DKSAP: Privacy-Preserving Stealth Address Protocol via Additively Homomorphic Encryption](https://arxiv.org/abs/2312.10698)
* [Ethereum Research](https://ethresear.ch/t/fhe-dksap-fully-homomorphic-encryption-based-dual-key-stealth-address-protocol/16213)
* [SAP Protocol Contract](https://github.com/mind-network/mind-sap-contracts)
* [FHE SAP SDK](https://github.com/mind-network/mind-sap-contracts)

## Mind Network's Research Details:

### Motivation:

We propose the integration of a homomorphic encryption scheme with a dual key stealth address protocol, aiming to elevate privacy and security levels in blockchain systems. This novel approach is named HE-DKSAP. Furthermore, we are extending this concept to incorporate a fully homomorphic encryption scheme, which we refer to as FHE-DKSAP.By leveraging the power of homomorphic encryption, HE-DKSAP introduces a novel approach to safeguarding transaction privacy and preventing potential quantum computing attacks. This paper delves into the core principles of HE-DKSAP, highlighting its capacity to enhance privacy, scalability, and security in programmable blockchains.Our security analysis confirms that HE-DKSAP upholds essential standards such as data confidentiality, transaction unlikability, resistance to quantum computing attacks, and robustness against cipher-policy attacks. Furthermore, our experimental validation demonstrates that HE-DKSAP and FHE-DKSAP both excel in computation efficiency and data storage management.<br>

### User Journey:

## 🕵️ The Details of FHE-DKSAP: <a href="#the-details-of-fhe-dksap" id="the-details-of-fhe-dksap"></a>

MindSAP detailed protocol can be found as follows:

<figure><img src="/files/b1aYkvEHkXvPtVVcngV1" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="/files/slhze5zek2Hlk81oV8sa" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

<figure><img src="/files/aR9P2yTp8t4EQ0dzofQS" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

## Algorithm:

<figure><img src="https://mind-network.gitbook.io/~gitbook/image?url=https%3A%2F%2F3656731002-files.gitbook.io%2F%7E%2Ffiles%2Fv0%2Fb%2Fgitbook-x-prod.appspot.com%2Fo%2Fspaces%252FzfiquYNvBBsT7b3wR5B7%252Fuploads%252FCxXXIg9GZecK2Ntkj9zV%252F1280X1280%2520%282%29.PNG%3Falt%3Dmedia%26token%3D70a9ef89-c495-41f1-a0b7-a782654968df&#x26;width=768&#x26;dpr=4&#x26;quality=100&#x26;sign=29be8a07a27cdb81051cd3f0666f734da43909fab7425009dfa5b4c3c5263140" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

***

### Research Post in Ethereum Research about MindSAP: <a href="#research-post-in-ethereum-research-about-mindsap" id="research-post-in-ethereum-research-about-mindsap"></a>

<figure><img src="https://mind-network.gitbook.io/~gitbook/image?url=https%3A%2F%2F3656731002-files.gitbook.io%2F%7E%2Ffiles%2Fv0%2Fb%2Fgitbook-x-prod.appspot.com%2Fo%2Fspaces%252FzfiquYNvBBsT7b3wR5B7%252Fuploads%252Ff1QGdwaJh8jmTT1wwUac%252FScreenshot%25202024-01-08%2520at%252018.08.42.png%3Falt%3Dmedia%26token%3Da2d13d52-7c69-47ed-9bbb-1375670be876&#x26;width=768&#x26;dpr=4&#x26;quality=100&#x26;sign=cfc4739485cdc381d86db6a7d14f4f6bcb558e3fb96be99536b943917a212ebb" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

### Research Paper about FHE-DKSAP <a href="#research-paper-about-fhe-dksap" id="research-paper-about-fhe-dksap"></a>

> Blockchain transactions have gained widespread adoption across various industries, largely attributable to their unparalleled transparency and robust security features. Nevertheless, this technique introduces various privacy concerns, including pseudonymity, Sybil attacks, and potential susceptibilities to quantum computing, to name a few. In response to these challenges, innovative privacy-enhancing solutions like zero-knowledge proofs, homomorphic encryption, and stealth addresses (SA) have been developed. Among the various schemes, SA stands out as it prevents the association of a blockchain transaction's output with the recipient's public address, thereby ensuring transactional anonymity. However, the basic SA schemes have exhibited vulnerabilities to key leakage and quantum computing attacks. To address these shortcomings, we present a pioneering solution - Homomorphic Encryption-based Dual-Key Stealth Address Protocol (HE-DKSAP), which can be further extended to Fully HE-DKSAP (FHE-DKSAP). By leveraging the power of homomorphic encryption, HE-DKSAP introduces a novel approach to safeguarding transaction privacy and preventing potential quantum computing attacks. This paper delves into the core principles of HE-DKSAP, highlighting its capacity to enhance privacy, scalability, and security in programmable blockchains. Through a comprehensive exploration of its design architecture, security analysis, and practical implementations, this work establishes a privacy-preserving, practical, and efficient stealth address protocol via additively homomorphic encryption.
>
> Link: <https://arxiv.org/abs/2312.10698>

<figure><img src="https://mind-network.gitbook.io/~gitbook/image?url=https%3A%2F%2F3656731002-files.gitbook.io%2F%7E%2Ffiles%2Fv0%2Fb%2Fgitbook-x-prod.appspot.com%2Fo%2Fspaces%252FzfiquYNvBBsT7b3wR5B7%252Fuploads%252FFV5PicajbE3CWEkcwVUh%252FScreenshot%25202024-01-08%2520at%252018.10.52.png%3Falt%3Dmedia%26token%3Da4b240a6-96d2-4fa5-858b-dca757ce59cc&#x26;width=768&#x26;dpr=4&#x26;quality=100&#x26;sign=42876b1dadd2838849ff3e8879eded7f5f914d88ff9d270c4efa24b4cfeff06e" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

### Presentation in Ethereum Foundation Private Event about FHE-DKSAP <a href="#presentation-in-ethereum-foundation-private-event-about-fhe-dksap" id="presentation-in-ethereum-foundation-private-event-about-fhe-dksap"></a>

<figure><img src="https://mind-network.gitbook.io/~gitbook/image?url=https%3A%2F%2F3656731002-files.gitbook.io%2F%7E%2Ffiles%2Fv0%2Fb%2Fgitbook-x-prod.appspot.com%2Fo%2Fspaces%252FzfiquYNvBBsT7b3wR5B7%252Fuploads%252FwX2KfeCpnpYAAleE5pwA%252FScreenshot%25202024-01-08%2520at%252018.15.06.png%3Falt%3Dmedia%26token%3D10e439a2-a960-4c91-85e4-2572dbd37b96&#x26;width=768&#x26;dpr=4&#x26;quality=100&#x26;sign=e33bc9f6ccd728a438cb32f0a4cd46401326471a5222aa82f65383faf0262dd0" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

<https://app.streameth.org/devconnect/epf_day/session/fhedksap>

<figure><img src="https://mindnetwork.sg.larksuite.com/space/api/box/stream/download/asynccode/?code=MDJkYTJmM2EyNjlkZjM1YTlkYTBmMmRmMWUwZmMwOGNfR2lQaHNsdjRZNVhEN29TSVprZGpXTkZDcGZTeUVPeTVfVG9rZW46TlBsMGJMZ2pPb3d3VmJ4ZWFmaWx3RkRYZ1diXzE3NDE2NjE5Mzk6MTc0MTY2NTUzOV9WNA" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>


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